Explanation Text

Abrasion

 Abrasion is a process of erosion of the coast, generally caused by waves or ocean currents (Prawiradisastra 2003).

 According to Damaywanti (2013), the notion of abrasion is the erosion of coastal or terrestrial areas caused by wave activity, ocean currents, and tides.

 Soil compaction that occurs when waves, ocean currents and tides occur, results in land subsidence and inundation of the land surface by sea water, as a result the coastline changes.

 A land or beach is said to have an abrasion if the sediment transport at a point exceeds or is greater than the amount of sediment carried by water outside that point.  Ordinary people often assume that the term abrasion has the same meaning as coastal erosion.  Even though the reality is beach abrasion and erosion are two different natural phenomena.

 Basically the definition of abrasion is the process of erosion of rock or hard material, for example walls or rock cliffs that are often accompanied by avalanches or collapsing material.  Whereas coastal erosion is defined as the process of coastline retreat due to the lack of balance of supply and sediment transport capacity.

 Abrasion can occur due to several factors including natural factors and human activity factors.

 Examples of natural phenomena that cause abrasion are tides and waves and ocean currents that have the potential to cause damage as a result of strong winds over the ocean.

 These natural phenomena cannot be avoided because the sea has its own cycle, there are times when the wind blows hard and has the potential to produce destructive waves, there are also times when the wind only blows naturally.

 Factors of human activity that can cause abrasion include over exploitation of marine resources such as fish and coral reefs, resulting in an imbalance of the marine ecosystem.

 Another factor that causes an imbalance of the marine ecosystem is sand mining.  Excessive sand mining by dredging as much sand as possible with high intensity can result in the draining of sand in the sea.

 This gives a direct influence on the direction and speed of sea water which will automatically directly hit the shoreline.

 Sea water will be lighter if it does not bring sand so that the water can be faster and harder to hit the shoreline so that the possibility of abrasion will increase.

As for how to prevent abrasion, including:
 Mangrove tree planting
 Maintaining mangrove trees or other tree species
 Planting trees in coastal forests.